Memory+Sizes

**Memory Sizez**

There are 10 different sizes that you can store your memory in, there consist of: Bit, Byte, Kilobyte (KB), Megabyte (MB), (Floppy Disks) Gigabyte (GB), (Used in USB) Terabyte (TB), (Hard Drives) Petabyte (PB), Exabyte (EB), Zettabyte (ZB), Yottabyte (YB)

**Conversion Rates:** However, in todays modern world, scientist have discovered more and more about everyday technology, therefore we have a old standard for conversion rate and a IEC Standard **How modern day technology has improved?**
 * ** Old Standard ** ||  ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">bit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">b || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">0 or 1 ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">byte || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">B || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">8 bits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">kilobit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">kb || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 bits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Kilobyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">KB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 bytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Kilobyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">KB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 bytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Megabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Mb || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 kilobits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Megabyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">MB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 Kilobytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Megabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">MB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 Kilobytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gigabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gb || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 Megabits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gigabyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">GB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 Megabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gigabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">GB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 Megabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Terabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Tb || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 Gigabits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Terabyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">TB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 Gigabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Terabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">TB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 Gigabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Petabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Pb || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 Terabits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Petabyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">PB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 Terabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Petabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">PB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 Terabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Exabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Eb || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 Petabits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Exabyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">EB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 Petabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Exabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">EB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 Petabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">** IEC Standard ** ||  ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">bit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">bit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">0 or 1 ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">byte || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">B || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">8 bits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">kibibit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Kibit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 bits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">kilobit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">kbit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 bits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">kibibyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">KiB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 bytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">kilobyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">kB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 bytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">megabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Mbit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 kilobits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">mebibyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">MiB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 kibibytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">megabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">MB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 kilobytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">gigabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gbit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 megabits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">gibibyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">GiB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 mebibytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">gigabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">GB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 megabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">terabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Tbit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 gigabits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">tebibyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">TiB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 gibibytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">terabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">TB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 gigabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">petabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Pbit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 terabits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">pebibyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">PiB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 tebibytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">petabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">PB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 terabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">exabit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Ebit || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 petabits ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">exbibyte (binary) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">EiB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1024 pebibytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">exabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">EB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 petabytes ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">exabyte (decimal) || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">EB || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">1000 petabytes ||

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">What is this being loaded of the plane? <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">This is a 5 MB (megabyte) Hard Disk in 1956. In September 1956 IBM launched the 305 RAMAC, the first computer with a hard disk drive (HDD). The HDD weighed over a ton and stored data equal to about 3 floppy disks (our current computers don't even have a floppy drive).

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> //**So, start appreciating your 8 __GB__ IPOD or memory stick (8000 MB)!**// <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">** What does all of the K, MB, GB and TBs mean? ** > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**K**=Kilobyte, **1 MB** > =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Megabyte (1,024k), **1 GB** = > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Gigabyte (1,024 MB), **1 TB** = Terabyte (1,024 GB) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**Floppy Disk**, 3.5" = 1.4 MB...or 1,400k ('A' Drive) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**CD** = 700 MB, Avg. MP3=5mb. If so, how many MP3 can you put on a CD? Why does a commercial CD only have 10-15 songs? > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**DVD, Single Layer** > =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">4,500 MB or 4.5 GB = > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">6.4 CDs, **DVD, Dual Layer** = 9 GB (this is why copying commercial DVDs is difficult to do, combined with encryption) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**BluRay** - 25 GBs > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**JPEG Digital Image** = 1-6mb (a 4mp camera at high resolution and minimum compression will generate a 1.5mb file. Higher res cameras will generate larger files. Most files from a digital camera are compressed before they are ever written to the memory card. So, unless you shoot in RAW, your camera is chunking part of the picture right after it takes the picture.) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**Text document** = 25k (.025 mb) This would be a Word Document, like a Focus...with out any pictures. MS Word documents can definitely be a lot bigger once you start inserting pictures into a layout. But simple Text Documents are very small....so you can fit a bunch on a small device...and it is not necessary to throw away old docs just to save room. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**PSD** = 30 MB...Photoshop Document...will vary depending on how many layers...but the average Magazine cover is around 25 MB). PSD are generally the largest file. Once a JPEG has been opened and expanded into a multilayer PSD, the file size will become quite large as it is no longer compressed. Watch out for creating TOO many versions of your. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**'L' Drive** = 50 MB...very limited amount of storage on students share drive on school server. Located in the F Hall. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**'P' Drive** = 650 MB...storage space allocated on Photography Server...located in the V61 Office (that's this classroom). The drive is actually a 2,000 GB (2TB) of which all students share. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**'C' Drive** (includes My Documents or Desktop) = Approximately 20gb total for all users. This is local to each machine...so if you save something here, it will not be on another computer. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**'D' Drive** = usually your CD or DVD Drive(s) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**'E' Drive** = usually an external hard drive, like a back up or external storage drive. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**'F' Drive** = usually your pocket drives (memory sticks, etc.) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">'**A' Drive** = designated for the Floppy Drive. Since most computers don't have a floppy drive any more, you will probably not see any 'A' drive unless you buy an external floppy drive. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**'M', 'X', 'V' etc. Drives** = Additional virtual drives that may have been mapped > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Memory Size Summary:** > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**Common Sizes** > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.4 mb = 1 Floppy Disk > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1000 mb = 1 gb (gigabyte) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">650mb = 1 CD > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.5 gb = 1 dvd (single layer) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">9 gb = 1 Dual layer DVD (commercial DVD) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">25gb = Blu-Ray Disc > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1000 gb = 1 TB (terabyte) > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**Exact Sizes:** > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> 1000 Kilobytes = 1 Megabyte > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">· 1000 Megabytes = 1 Gigabyte > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">· 1000 Gigabytes = 1 Terabyte > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">· 1000 Terabytes = 1 Petabyte > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">· 1000 Petabytes = 1 Exabyte - > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">· 1000 Exabytes = 1 Zettabyte > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">· 1000 Zettabyte = 1 Yottabyte > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">· 1000 Yottabyte = 1 Brontobyte <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Digital photography (and video) has pushed the computer industry to produce larger quantities into smaller form factors. For example, the Public/Picture folder contains over 100k photos and takes up almost 300gb of space. And this is not even all of my photos. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**Left:** 2.5" Laptop drive (old...only 6gb, Speed 12ms, 4200 RPM, 66mb/sec) It has a height of only 9.5mm. > <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**Right:** 3.5" Standard Desktop Drive (Very old 80mb drive picture. Modern day consumer drives exceed 2TB...yet still use the same form factor). <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Bottom sides of the above drives. Notice the change in circuits from large logic chips (ROM and Cache, etc.) to much smaller circuit board of the laptop drive. View of the inside of a drive. VERY little has changed about the design of these drives. Improvements include rotation speed. Most current drives spin at 5400 RPM (revolutions per minute). Faster drives spin at 7200...and 9200. Gamers use drives that spin at 10k RPM. Over the years, manufactures have improved the capacity and speed of these sticks. RAM has evolved from SIMMs to DIMMs, DRam to SDRam, etc. which is nomenclature to the density of storage and the type of chips on the stick of memory. IE. SIMM is Single Inline Memory Module...where as DIMM is Dual Inline Memory Module. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Micro Chip :** The MacBook air performance is as impressive as its form, thanks to its 1.6GHz or 1.8GHz intel Core 2 Duo processor. This chip was custom built to fit within the compact dimensions of MacBook Air. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**Smaller Memory Storage** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> **So thin however so much expansive** - Macbook ait comes with a way more than generous 2GB of RAM built in - ample memory for working with your favourite applications. The 80GB hard drive provides plenty of storage space. You also are allowed the option to upgrade to a 64 GB soild stae drive, which has no moving parts for enhanced durability.
 * Pictures of terms above:**
 * Hard Drive:**
 * Floppy Disk:** Very small and very slow...only capable of storing 1.44mb of data (1 picture from a 4mp P&S digital camera).
 * RAM:** Random Access Memory. Volatile...contents disappear when the power is turned off. When you start up your computer, the system and programs are loaded into this device.
 * Heat Sinks and Cooling Fans:** All of these components generate heat...so much heat that if for one fraction of a second your CPU runs with out the fan...it will overheat and quite possibly catch on fire. Computers have quite elaborate thermal overload protection that detects if the CPU fan is not working properly.
 * CPU**: Central Processing Unit...also known as The Brain. Computers over the last 20 years have evolved because of lots of reasons, such as the increase in storage size...and decrease in physical size of the storage. But most importantly because of improvements to the ability of the CPU to process millions of instructions per second. The real modern marvel of the CPU is the change in size of this chip making smaller and smaller components, such as a laptop, cell phone, iPods, etc. possible.
 * Logic Board...or Main System Bus.** This is where it all comes together. This one caught on fire...probably from a lightening storm. You can see the four silver toped capacitors along the top edge. Right next to it is a transistor that is cooked. See the burn hole on the top of each?
 * So, what does all of this mean to you?**
 * Smaller Processors**

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> **Making things like MacBook Air possible:** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">